Ferrosiliconyog tsim los ntawm atxo carbothermictxheej txheem, nyob rau hauv uas silica (SiO₂) yog txo los ntawm carbon nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm hlau los ua ib tug silicon-hlau alloy. Kev tsim khoom yog lub zog siv zog thiab yuav luag tsuas yog nqa tawm hauvSubmerged Electric Arc rauv (SAF). Hauv qab no yog ib kauj ruam piav qhia ntawm tus txheej txheem.
Kev npaj raw khoom
Lub ntsiab raw khoom rauferrosiliconntau lawm yog:
- Silica qhov chaw- quartz, quartzite, lossis silica pebbles, uas muab cov silicon.
- Carbon qhov chaw- metallurgical coke, thee, lossis charcoal, uas ua raws li tus neeg sawv cev txo qis.
- Hlau qhov chaw- steel seem, zeb nplai, lossis hlau ore, uas muab cov khoom siv hlau.
Cov ntaub ntawv no tau ua tib zoo ntsuas raws li qib silicon uas xav tau (piv txwv li, 65%, 72%, lossis 75% Si) thiab tom qab ntawd sib xyaw kom huv si kom ntseeg tau tias cov khoom noj tsis sib xws.
Smelting hauv Submerged Electric Arc Rauv
Cov nqi sib xyaw yog txuas ntxiv mus rau hauv ib qhosubmerged electric arc rauv- lub plhaub loj, refractory-lined steel plhaub haum nrog peb graphite lossis Söderberg electrodes uas yog submerged rau hauv cov khoom siv.
Thaum lub high-voltage hluav taws xob tam sim no hla ntawm lub electrodes, ib tug khaus arc yog generated, ua kub.2000℃rau 2500 degree. Qhov kub no melts tus nqi thiab tsav cov tshuaj txo cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.
Tshuaj txo cov tshuaj tiv thaiv
Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb thaum smelting yog:
SiO₂ + 2C → Si + 2CO
Hauv qhov tshuaj tiv thaiv no:
- Carbon los ntawm coke tshem tawm oxygen los ntawm silica.
- Elemental silicon raug tso tawm thiab yaj mus rau hauv cov hlau molten los ntawm cov seem los yog zeb nplai, tsim cov ferrosilicon alloy.
- Cov pa roj carbon monoxide (CO) yog tsim thiab khiav tawm ntawm lub cub tawg ua cov khoom lag luam.
Lub qhov cub ua haujlwm tsis tu ncua, nrog cov nqi tshiab ntxiv los ntawm sab saum toj thaum molten alloy thiab slag accumulate nyob rau hauv qab.
Yam tseem ceeb cuam tshuam rau kev tsim khoom
| Qhov xwm txheej | Qhov tseem ceeb |
|---|---|
| Raw khoom purity | Tsawg-purity silica qhia tsis xav tau impurities (Al, Ca, P) uas ua rau cov khoom tsis zoo |
| Coke zoo | High-ash coke nce slag ntim thiab txo cov hluav taws xob ua kom sov |
| Fais fab mov | Ferrosilicon ntau lawm noj3,500-4,500 kWh ib tuj; ruaj khov fais fab mov yog qhov tseem ceeb |
| Qhov cub tsim thiab ntsuas lub zog | Cov cub tawg loj dua txhim kho cov khoom tsim tau thiab txo cov nqi tsev |
| Kev khiav hauj lwm kub tswj | Kev ntsuas kub kom zoo ua kom tiav qhov txo qis thiab zoo ib yam silicon rov qab |
